PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) is mostly caused by a hormonal imbalance and hereditary predisposition. Each month, the two ovaries alternately release mature, ready-to-fertilize eggs in a typical menstrual cycle. However, in the case of PCOD, the ovaries frequently release immature or only partially-mature eggs, which can grow into cysts (small sacs filled with liquid). This causes the ovaries to expand and become enormous. Normally, the ovaries release a limited amount of androgens (male hormones) during the cycle; however, in this case, the ovaries begin producing androgens in excess, resulting in symptoms such as male pattern hair loss, abdominal weight gain, irregular periods, and, in some extreme cases, infertility. There is no single 'treatment' for PCOD, but one of the best methods to manage it is to make lifestyle adjustments (after consulting doctors, of course: your gynecologist, an endocrinologist, and a nutritionist, preferably). The most effective approaches to control your PCOD are to exercise and eat a balanced diet (low in sweets and carbohydrates, high in protein and fiber). Depending on the circumstances, a person may be prescribed medicine to assist them balance their hormones. In other circumstances, second-line therapy is required, such as laparoscopic surgery, ovarian drilling, and aromatase inhibitors, to name a few.
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